长江流域防护林林副产品综合开发利用途径综述

本文对长江流域防护林主要构建树种的生物学特性及资源分布、主要林副产品及其用途、开发利用现状等进行了综述，旨在说明长江流域防护林的柏木、马尾松、杜仲、银杏、喜树和香樟等树种的林副产品综合开发利用有着广阔的前景和深远的意义。     

楠溪江古乡村园林研究初探

介绍了楠溪江流域岩头村丽水街、苍坡村及林坑村3个典型古乡村园林的历史由来和建筑格局,指出其具有拙朴自然、功能实用、公共性强等特点,并与私家园林和皇家园林作了比较,进一步提出楠溪江古乡村园林所具有的价值和现代意义。提出了建立以村民为中心的保护机制、以旅游开发促保护和实施政策倾斜的保护机制的建议。     

锦州市女儿河公园三期工程景观规划设计初探

女儿河公园三期改造工程在深入研究自然地貌特点,设计了沿河各景点和市政桥梁,突出水面在整个公园建设中的核心地位,并在沿线布置了休闲广场和园林小品。建设成适应城市发展趋势,个性鲜明、功能合理,满足市民文化生活需要的现代城市公园。     

新疆额尔齐斯河流域杨属植物种间关系的SSR分析

[目的]为探讨额河杨和银灰杨天然杂种的起源机制,[方法]应用18对SSR标记,从分子水平上对新疆额尔齐斯河流域杨属植物的种间关系进行分析研究。[结果]表明:(1)SSR系统发育树将整个流域天然杨属植物分为两大类群,即黑杨派和青杨派为一类,白杨派为一类;(2)白杨派派内系统聚类图显示,银白杨、欧洲山杨、银灰杨三个树种均有较大的遗传分化,特别是杂种银灰杨似乎更大;(3)黑杨派和青杨派的UPGMA分类图显示,青杨派和黑杨派分属于2个分支,其中,青杨派内部分化相对简单,分为2支,均为典型的苦杨;黑杨派内部的分化较为复杂,可分为4类,包括典型的欧洲黑杨、额河杨和回交子代。[结论]杂种额河杨具有更多的欧洲黑杨的遗传成分,因此,将额河杨放到黑杨派是正确的。     

神农架地区珍衡植物沿河岸带的分布格局

Due to the importance of riparian zone in maintaining and protecting regional biodiversity, increasingly more ecologists paid their attentions to riparian zone and had been aware of the important effects of riparian zone in basic study and practical management. In this study, 42 sampling belts (10 m×100m) parallel to the bank of Xiangxi River at different elevations in Shennongjia Area were selected to investigate the riparian vegetation and rare plants. 14 species of rare plants were found distributing in riparian zone, accounting for 42.4% of the total rare plant species in Shennongjia Area. The main distribution range of the 14 rare plant species was the evergreen and deciduous mixed broadleaved forest at elevation of 1200–1800 m, where, species diversity of plant community was the maximum at the moderate elevation. The analysis of TWINSPAN divided the 14 rare species into 3 groups against the elevation, namely low elevation species group, moderate elevation species group, and high elevation species group. The analysis of DCA ordination showed similar results to that of TWINSPAN. In the paper, the authors discussed the reasons forming the distribution pattern of rare plant species, and pointed out that the important function of riparian zone on rare plant species protection. Foundation item: This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC39970123), and Changbai Mountain Open Research Station, Chinese Acadamy of Science. Biography: JIANG Ming-xi (1965-), male, associate professor in Wuhan Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

Causes and typical control model of wind-drift sandy lands in abandoned channel of the Yellow River

The historical formation and development of the abandoned channel of the Yellow River is reviewed and its causes of formation and present condition of prevention and control are analyzed in this paper. Based on this analysis, some ideas about control, critical problems and countermeasures in the next period are proposed with two typical control models as examples. We suggest that in preventing and controlling the wind-drift sandy lands in the region, the emphasis should be to develop, with a greatly expanded effort, a recycling economy. This should realize a combination of two ideas, i.e. integrate combating desertification with a structural adjustment of agricultural and an increase in the income of farmers.     

霍林河流域洪水径流演变规律及驱动机制研究

霍林河是松嫩平原西部地区科尔沁、向海和查干湖湿地的重要补给水源,其洪泛作用对流域洪泛区环境系统的景观维系起着决定作用。选取流域3个代表测站近50年来的年最大洪峰流量序列,分析流域洪水径流演变的规律及驱动机制,包括自然和人为干扰两方面,可以为流域防洪减灾及洪水资源化利用提供理论依据。霍林河洪水以雨洪型为主,洪水多发于降雨...     

宁夏黄河灌区农业非点源污染损失估算

以宁夏黄河灌区为研究区,在充分利用JOHNES输出系数法计算灌区非点源污染负荷的基础上,应用环境经济学中的恢复防护费用法对灌区农业非点源污染产生的负荷转化为经济损失进行估算.结果表明:宁夏黄河灌区禽畜养殖产生的污染负荷最高,占灌区污染负荷的41.27%,其中全氮排放占整个区域污染负荷的37.25%,全磷排放占整个区域污...     

石羊河流域主要作物的需水量及需水规律的研究

试验于2008年在甘肃武威进行,采用水量平衡法在充分灌溉的条件下研究了石羊河流域春小麦、春玉米、制种油葵、色素辣椒、小麦/玉米带田等5种作物的需水量及需水规律,并根据作物生育期需水规律提出了适宜的灌溉制度.试验结果表明,春小麦全生育期需水量为480.5 mm,需水关键期为拔节期和抽穗开花期;春玉米需水量为569.0 m...     

季节性河道渗漏野外试验研究

为研究季节性河流大沽河河道的渗漏规律,以包气带水分运动理论为基础,在大沽河上、中游建立有代表性的试验场,进行野外现场入渗试验,研究不同包气带岩性下河道的入渗能力.结果表明:干涸河道入渗过程可分为非稳定入渗和稳定入渗两个阶段;包气带的水理性质影响着河床的入渗规律,大沽河河道上游的入渗率比中游的入渗率大,上游和中游南沙梁村...